how many slaves were there in 1870

It should be noted however, that in comparing census data WebSlave Importation Registers, 1800-1845, and Lists of Slaves: Affidavits of persons bringing slaves into the state, and lists or registers of slaves and slave owners. Bight of Benin: Benin, Nigeria, Togo N. By his overseer, 108 slaves, Harris page 218, BRANCH, Wm. 10 Rolls. WebSlaves names were not recorded in the U.S. Census until after the war, in 1870. Researching the late nineteenth century, from Reconstruction immediately following the Civil War to the eve of the twentieth century, can be both a blessing and a curse for many African American families. The Freedmans Bank records provide easily-accessible information, often identifying multiple generations of family members and even the names of the slave owner and plantations of former slaves. Below you can see two animations comparing the density of the slave population and the density of the total population (keep in mind that the scales are different). This information is a vital part of researching African Americans, especially those who had been enslaved prior to the Civil War. 2023 historyguy.com. So these are the sorts of things that happen all the time in historical research. In 1830 there were two African American slave holders. Data last accessed in August 2020. http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/census/ . (Georgia Archives Microfilm #231/1-5) This microfilm publication reproduces the seven volumes (eight bound parts) of records compiled for publication by the Colored Troops Division of the Adjutant Generals Office. had decreased about 1.8 % to 7,501. Following the holder list is a supposed to be named on the 1860 slave schedule, but there were only 1,570 slaves of such age Gold Coast: Cte d'Ivoire, Ghana Initially slaves were imported because of a labour shortage, aggravated by the high death rate of the indigenous population after the introduction of European diseases in the early 16th century. Witheach county labeled with the exact percentage of people enslaved, the map demanded some closer examination. WebTRANS-ATLANTIC SLAVE VOYAGES. He is a PhD candidate at Brandeis University, finishing a dissertation titled, "The Varieties of Religious Conversion: The Origins of Religious Choice in the United States. Another way to locate more information is by using the 1890 veterans schedule if your ancestor was a Civil War soldier. Though the census schedules speak in terms of slave owners, the Furthermore, the constant use of racially-charged language to describe African Ancestors will bring the often-oppressive environment to life, easily discouraging sensitive researchers. WebThis was an increase of 35.4 percent over the 23,069,876 persons enumerated during the 1850 census. Some collections are available in original format, while others are available solely on microfilm. of that County on which they were listed. Due to variable film quality, handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting Governors Subject Files, 1781-1993, RG 1-1-5: Chronological. Check the County Records Microfilm Catalog under the name of the county and Ordinary records. The 1860 U.S. Census was the last U.S. census showing slaves and slaveholders. Slave Voyages. No other South Carolina County showed a significant increase. Slaves were enumerated in 1860 without giving their names, only their sex and age A striking way to see the importance of slavery is to look at a map of the total free population: a photo negative, if you will, of slavery. County population included 6,465 whites, 566 free colored and 7,076 slaves. interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering methods used by the census enumerators, interested Cemeteries and Churches: The Archives has a variety of church records available in original format and on microfilm. | READ MORE, Lincoln Mullen is a historian of American religions. Cookie Policy Its not Once located, you will notice that some very important information is missing: the census does not report the relationship of individuals to the head of household. In 1840, the slave population reached its peak of nearly 59,000 people; by 1860, there were 37,000 enslaved people, related terms such as African American, black, mulatto and colored are used as in the source or at of justice and legality of claims of ownership need not be addressed in this transcription. 2 Rolls. U.S.A. 2023 University System of Georgia Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held is Beginning in 1866, African-Americans are listed separately until the early 1960s. The sugar plantations were among the contemporary worlds largest and most profitable enterprises, paying about 10 percent on invested capital and on some occasions, such as in Barbados in the 1650s, as much as 40 to 50 percent. Initially the islands often were settled as well by numerous indentured labourers and other Europeans, but following the triumph after 1645 of the sugar revolution (initially undertaken because superior Virginia Between 1860 Overseer, 63 slaves, Harris page 194B, NICHOLSON, Lucind F., 21 slaves, Franklinton page 182B, PERRY, A. S. Owner Louisburg NC, 72 slaves, Galloway page 190B, PERRY, Allen C., 25 slaves, Galloway page 187, PERRY, Burnel, 32 slaves, Harris page 214, PERRY, Charles, 33 slaves, Harris page 210, PERRY, Couvina?, 42 slaves, Harris page 218B, PERRY, Dr. A. S., 66 slaves, Harris page 206B, PERRY, Dr. Samuel, 37 slaves, Harris page 215B, PERRY, Dr. A. S., 88 slaves, Harris page 204B, PERRY, Joshua?, 45 slaves, Harris page 215, PERRY, Lucy B., 21 slaves, Harris page 205B, PERRY, Ruston?, 24 slaves, Harris page 197, PERRY, Solomon, 21 slaves, Harris page 205, PERRY, Willie owner Louisburg NC, James Strange overseer, 73 slaves, Galloway page 190, PERRYDr. Check the County Records Microfilm Catalog under the name of the county and Superior Court Minutes. enumerated with the same surname. But Harvey Amani Whitfield has shown that some Vermont African Americans were held in bondage. Americans on the 1870 census who were enumerated with the same surname. listed as having 15,993 whites, about a 2.5 times increase, while the 1960 total of 12,718 NPR transcripts are created on a rush deadline by an NPR contractor. Freed slaves, If you find your ancestor by name in both census years, identified as a free African American, you are quite likely to be able to locate additional county records to provide more information. The 1860 U.S. Census Slave Schedules for Edgefield County, South Carolina (NARA microfilm series M653, had decreased about 1.8 % to 7,501. % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the M160. can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been changed through the years and because the sizeable number for consideration by those seeking to make connections between slaveholders and former slaves. American ancestor with one of these surnames is found on the 1870 census, then making the link WebReconstruction (1865-1877), the turbulent era following the Civil War, was the effort to reintegrate Southern states from the Confederacy and 4 million newly-freed people into That's a lynching every week, more than once a week. available through Heritage Quest at. LARGEST SLAVEHOLDERS FROM 1860 SLAVE CENSUS SCHEDULES, SURNAME MATCHES FOR AFRICAN AMERICANS ON 1870 CENSUS. The 1850 Census was also the first in which all members of a household were listed by name; prior to 1850, only the heads of households named. Around 1650 the Kingdom of the Kongo, which the Portuguese had ties with, started exporting enslaved Web, Jun 21, 2022 Throughout the history of the transatlantic slave trade, approximately 5.7 million of the 12.5 million African slaves who embarked on slave ships did so in ports Advertising Notice According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Franklin In South Carolina in 1860 there were 482 farms Available on Ancestry.com. Where did the freed slaves go if they did not stay in the same idea of the surname of the slaveholder, can check this list for the surname. Freed slaves, if listed in the next census, in 1870, would have been reported with their full name, Slave population in 1860 chart Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1860_United_States_census Slave Population in 1860 Map "Estimated Number of African Slaves Who Were Taken from Various Regions* of Africa during The Transatlantic Slave Trade in Each Century from 1501 to 1866. Slavery generated profits comparable to those from other investments and was only ended as a consequence of the War Between the States. WebIn 1790, almost 51,000 people were enslaved in that county. Identifying the larger family groups of families during this period is essential to conducting any further research. Abraham Lincoln consulted it throughout the Civil War. The last U.S. census slave schedules were A statistic about the literacy of freed slaves recently came to our attention. And what they found was not that the Tuskegee figures were wrong, but that the Tuskegee figures were essentially correct, and this amazed some people because the Tuskegee figures were showing that there were as many as 120, 150 lynchings per year in the southern United States. 1880 U.S. Census - Calvin Kelly household. Even worse, during this period, many African Americanssome using surnames for the very first timechanged their surnames once or even several times. Senr., 58 slaves, page 421B, HOLLINGSWORTH, J. H., 59 slaves, page 453, HOLLINGSWORTH, Mrs. B., 91 slaves, page 460, JENNINGS, Dr. W. D., 48 slaves, page 510B, MCKIE, Mary E. and one other, 47 slaves, page 495, MEREWETHER, Dr. S. G., 50 slaves, page 496, MERRIWEATHER, Dr. N., 49 slaves, page 495B, MIMS, Dr. R. J., C. M. Gray agent for, 48 slaves, page 513B, MIMS, Dr. E. J., Mathis agent for, 56 slaves, page 515, NIEHLEMAN?, Mrs. E. J., 57 slaves, page 449, PICKENS, F. W., W. B. Martin agent for, 84 slaves, page 513, SEARING, A. L., M. A. Selack for, 96 slaves, page 391B, SEARLS, T. Excluding slaves, the 1860 U.S. population was 27,167,529, with been counted in each County. increases (from around 10% to 50%): Craven; Edgecombe; Granville, Mecklenberg; New But the children could, and so it was the first generation of children that became literate. Franklin County, included the following: Georgia, up 80,000 (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); T., 23 slaves, Harris page 219B, HAWKINS, Mrs. J. D., 40 slaves, Harris page 212B, HILL, Daniel S. Owner Louisburg NC, Andrew Conn overseer, 37 slaves, Galloway page 191B, HILL, Danl. Following the holder WebSlaves were enumerated on all federal census records from 1790 to 1860, but not by name. States that saw significant increases in colored population And slavery spread because enslaved African Americans were forced to migrate. If the surname is found, they can then view the out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the U.S. All males between the ages of 21 and 60 had to pay a poll tax or head tax. The majority of the 1890 census no longer survives. Subsequently, Africans were transshipped to North America from the Caribbean in increasing numbers. M858. ALFORD, Eli, 20 slaves, Galloway page 185B, ALSTON, Alfred, 50 slaves, Harris page 205, ALSTON, Thos. If your ancestor does not appear in the 1850 or 1860 censuses, it is quite likely that he or she was enslaved during this time.Only by researching the owners records will you be able to locate information on your ancestor. acres or more, the largest size category enumerated in the census, and another 1,184 farms of Check the microfilm card catalog under Executive Dept. Colorado, in 1885 (special federal census); Michigan, in 1884, 1888 (Union veterans), and 1894; New Mexico, in 1885 (federal territorial); Ohio, quadrennial censuses in 1883, 1887, 1891, 1895, and 1899 (availability varies by county); Oregon, in 1885 and 1895 (only a few counties survive); South Dakota, in 1885 (federal territorial) and 1895; Washington, in 1883, 1885, 1887, 1889, 1891, and 1892 (availability varies by county); This page was last edited on 27 April 2023, at 09:26. census. The collections are indexed by main entry, by geographic location, by subject, by chronological dates, and by the types of forms used (such as diaries, ledgers, etc.). County Property Tax Digests, 1789-2001 (RG 34-6-1) and microfilm. If an African American ancestor Linking names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders By the 1870 census, the white population had increased 9% to Willie?, 70 slaves, Harris page 202, PERSON, Antny A., 28 slaves, Harris page 215B, PERSON, Presley C., 24 slaves, Franklinton page 182, PERSON, Thos. This is the first significant uprising of African slaves.

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