Three% of votes cast for governor at preceding biennial state election to submit to the legislature. 4, 1, Pt. Amend. Timeline for taking effect: Thirty days after the official declaration of the vote unless provided otherwise in the measure (Mississippi Const. Who can sign the petition: Any qualified voter (AS 15.45.350). 3, 19). Single subject rule: Yes (Const. 5, 1; M.G.L.A. What is on each petition: Petition format is addressed in Mo.Rev.Stat. St. 32-1416). A petition for direct initiative that is approved by the secretary of state and submitted to the legislature must be afforded a public hearing conducted by the joint standing committee that has jurisdiction over the subject matter. Constitution 48, Pt. Art. Const. Const. 22-24-414). A successful referendum will alter the wording of the Constitution by deletion and/or insertion. Colorado and Florida require a supermajority to pass a constitutional amendment: 55 percent of voters in Colorado (C.R.S.A. Must file a statement of organization within 20 days of becoming a committee. 19, 1). 48, Init., Pt. Art. Timeline for collecting signatures: Two years (Neb.Rev.St. Evaluations done by lieutenant governor and Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Sponsor signs affidavit, and circulators sign oath (RCWA 29A.72.010; 29A.72.120). Art. Reports of contributions and expenditures must be filed no later than the eighth day before the election, the 30th day after an election and the 15th day following the close of each calendar quarter. 48, Init., Pt. Most states require proponents of a proposed law to follow guidelines. Art. Amend. Where to file: Secretary of the commonwealth (Const. 3, 3; NRS 32-1402 and -1403, Nevada: Const. 5, 1 and ACA 7-9-119). 53 7. Art. Illinois requires either 60 percent of those voting on the amendment itself or a majority of those voting in the election as a whole (ILCS Const. Petition title and summary creation: Proponents submit a suggested popular name, to be approved or disapproved by the secretary of state (NMSA 1-17-9). 250.045; 250.067; 250.035; 250.036; 250.075. Verification: The secretary of state may verify the signatures on the petition by use of random sampling (Mo.Rev.Stat. Monthly reports are due on the 10th for any preceding month in which total contributions received or total expenditures made exceed $200 (RCW 42.17A.235). Code Ann. 1953 20A-7-207; 20A-7-209; 20A-6-107). During the 14 days before the election, reports of any communication exceeding $5,000 in the aggregate are due within one business day. Art. Verification: The secretary of state has 35 days to verify. In three states (Massachusetts, Ohio and Utah), proponents must gather additional signatures to place the measure on the ballot; in the others, it automatically goes to the ballot. Same if an alternate measure is proposed (M.C.L.A. Art. IV, pt. Withdrawal process of individual signature: By crossing out his or her own signature at any time prior to the time when the petition is presented to the county clerk for signature verification, or at any time after presentation of the petition to the county clerk but prior to verification of the signature, by presenting in writing or submitting electronically to the county clerk a signed statement that the signer desires to have his name removed from the petition. Must be projected to be at least 95 % accurate (10 ILCS 5/28-11, 5/28-12, 5/28-13). However, the bans in North Dakota and Oregon were upheld by federal circuit courts. __________ is the most common electoral system used in general elections in the United States. a. at the very beginning What is on each petition: Petition includes original bill number, title and affidavit signed by no more than three proponents file the measure (34 OS 1). 3, 17(1)). Number of signatures required: 6% of the total votes cast for the office of governor in the last election (OH Const. Sponsors draft summary and submit to board of state canvassers for approval. And no measure that names an individual to hold office or names private corporation to perform any function. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Laws authorizing any classification of property for the purpose of levying different rates of taxation thereon or of authorizing the levy of any single tax on land or land values or land sites at a higher rate or by a different rule than is or may be applied to improvements thereon or to personal property. No statute found; used Term Limits Referendum (Nov. 1996) as a reference. Where to file with: Secretary of state ( 34-1804). Timeline for collecting signatures: Signatures may be signed at any time after an act is passed (Const. 5, 1). 4, 1, Pt. 48, Init., Pt. CONST. ch. Disclosure reports must be filed 60 days before the election, on the fifth and 20th day of each month until the election, the 20th day of November after the election and the 20th of January each year. May include a fee (RCWA 29A.72.010; 43.07.120; 29A.72.020; 29A.72.040). XLVII, Pt. For indirect initiatives, the legislature may make technical changes only, and prepare a legislative review note and a legislative fiscal note on the law proposed by the initiative petition. Petition includes title, brief legislative history of the measure to be referred, full text and secretary of state's certification that the full text is correct (ORC 3519.05(C)). 168.476). 48, Init., Pt. 3, 6; NDCC 16.1-06-09; and NDCC 16.1-01-17). St. 32-1405). II, 1b). unitary, 12. If passed by legislature, it is subject to the referendum (M.C.L.A. Laws that relate to religion, religious practices or religious institutions; the appointment, qualification, tenure, removal or compensation of judges; the powers, creation or abolition of courts; the operation of a particular town, city or other political division or to particular districts or localities of the commonwealth; or the appropriation of money for the current or ordinary expenses of the commonwealth or for any of its departments, boards, commissions or institutions. Which election is a measure on: General election (F.S.A. Law 6-201). See ACA 7-9-126. Code Ann. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: All campaign finance activity must be conducted through a campaign finance entity. What is on each petition: Petitions substantially follow the form found in U.C.A. Prov., Pt. What is on each petition: Petition must include the full text of the measure, the affidavit of the circulator (Const. d. The gerrymandered system, 14. 34-1802). VI, Subpt. Thirty percent in Massachusetts (Massachusetts Constitution 48, Init., Pt. 3, 17). Must report on Jan. 15 of an election year all expenditures in excess of $1,000 or cumulative expenditures to one recipient in excess of $1,000 in the previous calendar year. VI). Art. South Dakota: The Legislative Research Council provides written comments to the attorney general (SDCL 12-13-25; 12-13-25.1). d. the C-SPAN dance. Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (SDCL 12-13-1.1 and -9). V, 3). Who can sign the petition: Voters who register on or before the date the petition is required to be filed (NRS 32-1404).. Const. This type of ballot measure is also called citizen referendum, statute referendum, statute remand, popular referendum, people's veto, or citizen's veto. From at least 15 of 29 senate districts, signatures equal to 8% of the number of active voters in the county on Jan. 1 following the last regular general election. The statement may not be submitted electronically (Utah Code 20A-7-305). Office of Legislative Research and General Counsel numbers propositions and proposes a descriptive title summarizing the contents of the measure. Public review or notice: Fiscal statement summary available at polling places, secretary of states office, and Office of Demographic and Economic Researchs website. Art. 116.17). Statewide election or a special election called by the governor, Next regular or general election that occurs 125 days after filing, Const. Stat. And no signature "collected prior to a November general election at which a governor is elected shall not be filed after the date of that November general election., MS Const. Signatures gathered in violation of these requirements are void (ARS 19-101(A)). Timeline for taking effect: 10 days after the official declaration of the vote (Const. In California (Cal.Const. Must be on good quality of paper in form and manner approved by the secretary of state (IC 34-1804). Code 102). b. proportional representation Some states offer no assistance or advice to initiative proponents on the draft of their proposed law. The secretary of state consults with the legislative counsel for any technical suggestions, which will be posted to the secretary's website. Number of signatures required: 3% of the whole number of votes cast for governor at the preceding election (Const. Circulator requirements: 18 years old and a resident of South Dakota; no registered sex offender may circulate a petition unless the person is in the employ of and under the immediate supervision of another person and under circumstances with preclude any contact with children (SDCL 12-1-32 through -34). 250.125). Number of signatures required: 6% of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election (IC 34-1805). 1953 20A-11-101; 20A-11-801; 20A-11-802; 20A-11-803). a. airlines A statement must be filed by a ballot issue committee supporting or opposing a measure not more than 35 days after the petition is filed (MCL 169.234). 34-1805), Who can sign the petition: Qualified electors (I.C. You have to be enrolled in order to vote in a referendum. The next statewide election unless the legislature or governor convenes a special election for it or the governor designates a vote at the primary election. Which election: Statewide or a special election called by the governor (Const. Provisional ballots are ballots cast by voters who: Believe they are registered to vote even though their . What was the question in the 1999 referendum? 19-111), Proponent organization and requirements: Must follow financial guidelines, including non-candidate committee to act as sponsor, designating chair and treasurer, sworn statements, spending reports, bank account established, quarterly and pre-election reports (A.R.S. Form of petition specified (M.C.L.A. 19, 3; Art. c. pocket veto effect. 3519.01). III, 5(2)). Only regular state, congressional and municipal elections, and filed at least four months before election. Art. Application process information: Petition must be presented to secretary of state for approval as to form. b. is protected absolutely by the First Amendment, according to the Supreme Court. The initiative process allows citizens to propose a new statute or constitutional amendment. Number of signatures required: Five % of votes cast for governor in last election for stator. Depending on the legislature's action, the proponents may continue to pursue placement on the ballot for a popular vote. Reports are monthly during election years and annually in nonelection years. Supermajority vote only to change vote requirement. Persons involved in a statewide initiative or referendum process are subject to the provisions of the Nebraska Political Accountability and Disclosure Act. Art. Number of signatures required: 8% of the active voters in the state on Jan. 1 following the last regular general election (Utah Code 20A-7-301(1)). 250.065), Time period restrictions before placed on the ballot: Four months prior to the general election (OR CONST Art. Circulator requirements: U.S. citizens, 18 years of age or older and a resident of the state as determined by AS 15.05.020 (AS 15.45.335). Const. Some states limit the number of sections of code or the constitution that may be altered. Code Ann. Art. 7-9-105). 4, Pt. Direct democracies may operate through an assembly of citizens or by means of referenda and initiatives in which citizens vote on issues instead of for candidates or parties. 2, 3; Amend. CONST. Ten% of total votes cast in previous general election with geographic requirement, Ten% of votes cast for all candidates for governor in previous election for statutes; 15% for amendments, Eight% of the total number of legal voters for statutes; 10% for amendments, Five% of votes cast for governor in last election for statutes or ; 8% for amendments, Five% of votes cast for secretary of state in last election, Eight% of total votes cast statewide in last presidential election, Six% of qualified electors at the time of the last general election, Eight% of votes cast for governor in last gubernatorial election, Ten% of total votes cast for governor in last gubernatorial election, M.G.L.A. Art. A statement of 100 words or less by secretary of administration and finance regarding fiscal consequences of the measure. Art. NDCC Const. 14, 11. Vote requirement for passage: Majority (Const. A major factor in John Kennedy's 1960 presidential victory over Richard Nixon was 2, 9; Const. Which election is a measure on: At general elections, except when a special election is ordered by the legislature (V.A.M.S. 22-24-401, Laws related to dedications of revenue, appropriations, local or special legislation or laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety. For statute, 8% of total votes cast for governor in last general election. Art. Paid per signature: Prohibited (SDCL 12-13-28). At general elections except when a special election is ordered by the legislature, and must be filed at least six months before the election it is to be voted on. 5, 11; MACo v. The State of Montana, MT 267, 2017). St. 32-1407; 32-401), Ballot title and summary: Attorney general (Neb. 168.482). Which election is a measure on: Next general election or a special election if ordered by the legislature (RCWA Const. Fiscal review: Prepared by the office of financial management, in consultation with the secretary of state, the attorney general, and any other appropriate state or local agency (RCWA 29A.72.025). A statement of organization is required (Govt. Repeal or change restrictions: Two-thirds vote required to amend or repeal within seven years of effective date (Const. Which election: Regular election (State, congressional, or municipal) or a special election called by proper official or when 15% of voters petition for one (Const. Constitution 48, Init., Pt. Records must be kept of contributions and expenditures. Circulator requirements: Must be at least 18 and an Ohio resident (O.R.C. 3, 50; Art. Vote requirement for passage: Majority (MCA 13-27-504). An act that was suspended by a petition and is approved by the people is effective the date the result of the canvass is filed by the secretary of state (MCA 13-27-105(3)). The board may certify them, or if it finds they are misleading or confusing, may refuse to certify them. Which election is a measure on: A referred measure may be voted upon at a statewide election or at a special election called by the governor (NDCC Const. Const. Const. (Const. Rev. 34-1802). Who can sign the petition: Legal voters (IC 34-1805 and -1814). Art. Repeal or change restrictions: Majority of legislature may repeal or alter any statute measure (OK Const. Art. III, 52(c); Wyo Stat. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Official sponsors must sign at least two-thirds of the petitions (DCL 2-1-1.2). Proponent organization and requirements: Lists of circulators and notaries who notarized the petition sections must be filed with the secretary of state. For amendments, 10% of total qualified electors of the state. Pre-election statements must be filed 40 and 12 days before the election. May not repeal/modify the state's Bill of Rights, amend/repeal provisions relating to the state's public employees' retirement system, amend/repeal right-to-work provision or modify the initiative process, and special rules if includes expenditures. LXXIV, 2 and MGL ch. Who can sign the petition: Qualified voters (M.G.L.A. 5, 1). For a direct initiative, unless otherwise specified, they do not take effect until five days after the date of the official proclamation by the governor (U.C.A. Ethics Commission rules 2.79, 2.80, 2.103, 2.109, 2.122. Circulator oaths or affidavit required: No. Arkansas: Exact petition copy filed with secretary of state (A.C.A. Art. Fiscal review: State auditor prepares, and proponents may submit proposed review (V.A.M.S. Art. 48, Init., Pt. II, 1(b) and RCW 29A.72.150). Which election is a measure on: The next statewide election unless the legislature or governor convenes a special election for it or the governor designates a vote at the primary election (OK Const. Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state drafts a short and concise statement that fairly represents the proposal; approved by the attorney general (NDCC 16.1-01-09). Washington, D.C. also has an initiative and referendum process at the districtwide level. 34-1812c, Maine: 21-A M.R.S.A. Paid per signature: Yes, and reporting is required (21-A MRS 903-A(5)). Conflicting measures: Voters may choose one or reject both. Missouri: The secretary of State will furnish ballot statements explaining the effects of a no or yes vote for the measure, which will include whether it will increase, decrease or maintain taxes. 21). The attorney general submits a draft ballot title and the public may submit written comments in regard to it, which the attorney general may use to revise the title (O.R.S. 130.021). 48, Init., Pt. b. consensus mark. 295.012; 293.127563; Angle v. Miller, 2010, 722 F.Supp.2d 1206. Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state drafts title (21-A MRS 905-A and 906). IV, 1(4)). Art. 3, 17(1)). No statute found; used Prop. Which of the following were not major contributors to George W. Bush's 2000 presidential campaign? 23 States have a popular referendum process. 3; 8). Subject restrictions: May not be applied to appropriations of money (Const. Filing must include the description of the effect of the measure, the sponsor's name and signature (NRS 295.015). Art. 2; Neb. 6% of the qualified electors at the time of the last general election in at least 18 legislative districts. 22-24-409). The intention is to display ads that are relevant and engaging for the individual user and thereby more valuable for publishers and third party advertisers. The referendum process allows citizens to refer a law that passed the legislature to the ballot for voters to decide whether to uphold or repeal the law. 5, 11; Art. For statute initiatives, no later than three months prior to the election the measure is to be voted upon, and must submit to the county officials no sooner than nine months and no later than four weeks prior to the final deadline. Art. An optional random sampling process must be provided. 32. Ballot title and summary: Attorney general. Art. 15, 273 and Miss. Art II, 9). Art. Code 9031). Code Ann. Const. It receives a list of deceased residents from the Department of Health. Petition sheets will always include space for signatures. Petition title and summary creation: None specified for title, and summary "prepared by the person authorized by law" (M.C.L.A. 2, 9). 3519.22. 2, 3; M.G.L.A. Art. 5, 1). 4, Pt. A ballot question committee includes any person, located within or outside Arkansas, who receives contributions or makes expenditures for the purpose of expressly advocating the qualification, disqualification, passage or defeat of any ballot measure. Art. This deadline pertains to when counties must submit petitions with verified signatures to the secretary of state. 5, 1 and ACA 7-9-107). Considered a committee if individual raises or spends more than $5,000. 250.045). Next statewide or general election, whichever comes first that is not less than 60 days after the petition is submitted, At the next ensuing election held throughout the state for members of the U.S. House of Representatives. In which year did voters age 24-44 turnout to vote at a higher rate than voters age 45-64? 19, 1), Proponent organization and requirements: Must file any PACs formed to advance the measure and authorize no more than three people to withdraw or amend the petition (N.R.S. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (O.R.S. Who creates petitions: Petition filed by proponents is certified by attorney general, ballot board, and secretary of state (O.R.C. The cost of a referendum may make it less likely that it is chosen to be initiated. Voters may only vote once in an election. 3519.01 and 3519.05(C). 116.120). 22-24-416). These may be accepted or rejected (Neb. 2, 24). Law 7-103(c). Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Include but may not be limited to regulations on contributions, deadlines for filing reports, airing electioneering advertisements, statements, political communications, solicitation from certain groups and expenditures (O.R.C. The same ballot title and popular name that appeared on petitions (drafted by sponsors) is submitted by the secretary of state to the board of canvassers for certification. 1953 20A-7-202). In which state is a citizen who wishes to vote not required to submit an application? ILCS Const. For constitutional amendment direct initiatives, the date is Sept. 1 of the year preceding the election year (N.R.S. Some states do not specify a method for verification. Timeline for taking effect: The date of the governor's proclamation of the election results (IC 34-1813). Art. d. ticket splitting. concerning (statement of subject) and voters have filed a sufficient referendum petition on this bill. Art. States also have varying processes for reviewing petitions. Art. Const. Rev. Florida: Attorney general can request advisory opinion on the constitutionality of a measure from the state supreme court. c. business and professional groups. Art. Art. Art. Ballot title and summary: Ohio ballot board. 74). I consent to the use of following cookies: Necessary cookies help make a website usable by enabling basic functions like page navigation and access to secure areas of the website. Const. Code Ann. For constitutional amendments, from 44 of 88 counties, signatures from 5% of the votes cast for governor in each county in the previous election. 3, 3; NDCC, 16.1-01-09). 3, Sec. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Committees in support or opposition to a ballot measure are treated the same as political action committees. 8). 19-102; 19-111), What is on each petition: Must follow prescribed form and summary and that it was prepared by proponents, title, that circulator is paid or not, and warning about legality of signing unofficial sheet (A.R.S. a. increases political corruption at the polling booths. Withdrawal of petition: One of three authorized people must submit a notice of withdrawal with the secretary of state (N.R.S. Art. The president of the Senate and the speaker of the House of Representatives have authority to designate groups of members to prepare arguments for and against amendments to the Ohio Constitution proposed by the General Assembly, a person or persons to prepare an argument for any law, section, or item submitted to the electors by referendum petition, and a person or persons to prepare an argument against any constitutional amendment proposed by initiative petition. 100.371), Ballot title and summary: Sponsor, approved by secretary of state, reviewed by attorney general (F.S.A. 4, Pt. 1953 20A-7-202), Proponent organization and requirements: At least five sponsors must apply (U.C.A. 7-9-103), Geographic distribution: From 15 different counties, with each countys petition having signatures of at least half of the designated %age of electors of the county (Ark. III, 6). Art. 5, 1). Proponent organization and requirements: One designee will serve for official notices and statement of organization (V.A.M.S. Art. What is on each petition: Petition must include title of the act, and if only a portion of the act is sought to be referred, the number of the section or sections or portion of sections of the act designating such portion (Const. Art. Stat. Proponent organization and requirements: Application must designate a committee of three sponsors who will represent all sponsors and subscribers in matters relating to the referendum (AS 15.45.270). c. Nixon's failure to develop infomercials. This database contains state legislation related to the administration of elections introduced in 2011 through this year. Art. Const. A person also qualifies as a ballot measure committee if 2% or more of its annual revenues, operating expenses or funds are used to make contributions to another ballot measure committee which exceed $10,000 in value (ACA 9-7-402). Subject restrictions: Laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety are excluded (Const.
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